Sushruta Samhita Nidanasthana Chapter 16 Mukha Roga Nidanam (Illnesses of the Mouth)

The sixteenth chapter of Nidanasthana of Sushruta Samhita is called as Mukha Roga Nidanam Adhyaya. This chapter offers with Illnesses of the Mouth.

अथातो मुखरोगाणां निदानं व्याख्यास्यामः ||१||
यथोवाच भगवान् धन्वन्तरिः ||२||

We’ll now expound Mukharoga nidānam – prognosis of ailments of the mouth; as revealed by the venerable Dhañvañtari .

 

Roga sañkhyā – variety of ailments 

मुखरोगाः पञ्चषष्टिर्भवन्ति सप्तस्वायतनेषु |
तत्रायतनानि- ओष्ठौ, दन्तमूलानि, दन्ताः, जिह्वा, तालु, कण्ठः, सर्वाणि चेति |
तत्राष्टावोष्ठयोः, पञ्चदश दन्तमूलेषु, अष्टौ दन्तेषु, पञ्च जिह्वायां, नव तालुनि, सप्तदश कण्ठे, त्रयः सर्वेष्वायतनेषु ||३||

In whole, there are sixty-five ailments of the mouth. They’re localized in seven totally different seats. The seven seats of mukha rogas are –

1. Lips
2. Roots of the enamel (gums)
3. Enamel
4. Tongue
5. Palate
6. Throat
7. Whole mouth

Seat of ailments of the mouth	Variety of ailments manifested
Lips	Eight in quantity
Root of the enamel (gums)	Fifteen in quantity
Enamel	Eight in quantity
Tongue	5 in quantity
Palate	9 in quantity
Throat	Seventeen in quantity
All seats / total mouth	Three in quantity

 

1. Ostha rogas – Illnesses of the lips

Osthakopa

तत्रौष्ठप्रकोपा वातपित्तश्लेष्मसन्निपातरक्तमांसमेदोभिघातनिमित्ताः ||४||
कर्कशौ परुषौ स्तब्धौ कृष्णौ तीव्ररुगन्वितौ |
दाल्येते परिपाट्येते ह्योष्ठौ मारुतकोपतः ||५||
आचितौ पिडकाभिस्तु सर्षपाकृतिभिर्भृशम् |
सदाहपाकसंस्रावनीलौ पीतौ च पित्ततः ||६||
सवर्णाभिस्तु चीयेते पिडकाभिरवेदनौ |
कण्डूमन्तौ कफाच्छूनौ पिच्छिलौ शीतलौ गुरू ||७||

सकृत् कृष्णौ सकृत् पीतौ सकृच्छ्वेतौ तथैव च |
सन्निपातेन विज्ञेयावनेकपिडिकाचितौ ||८||
खर्जूरफलवर्णाभिः पिडकाभिः समाचितौ |
रक्तोपसृष्टौ रुधिरं स्रवतः शोणितप्रभौ ||९||
मांसदुष्टौ गुरू स्थूलौ मांसपिण्डवदुद्गतौ |
जन्तवश्चात्र मूर्च्छन्ति सृक्कस्योभयतो मुखात् ||१०||
मेदसा घृतमण्डाभौ कण्डूमन्तौ स्थिरौ मृदू |
अच्छं स्फटिकसङ्काशमास्रावं स्रवतो गुरू [८] ||११||
क्षतजाभौ विदीर्येते पाट्येते चाभिघाततः |
ग्रथितौ च समाख्यातावोष्ठौ कण्डूसमन्वितौ ||१२||

Ostha Prakopa – are eight in quantity. They’re produced by –

• Vata
• Pitta
• Sleshma / Kapha
• Sannipata – all doshas collectively
• Rakta – blood
• Mamsa – muscle tissue
• Medas – fats
• Abhighata – trauma

 

Sort of Ostha Prakopa	Signs
Vataja Ostha Kopa	Lips are – Tough Coarse Static Black Has extreme ache (splitting, throbbing and so forth.)
Pittaja Ostha Kopa	Lips are – Filled with eruptions, of the dimensions of mustard Burning sensation Presence of ulcers Exudation Blue and yellow in colour
Kaphaja Ostha Kopa	Lips are – Filled with eruptions Eruptions are of the identical colour of the lips Absence of ache Has itching Swollen Massive, slimy, chilly and heavy
Sannipataja Ostha Kopa – produced by aggravation of all three doshas concurrently	Lips are – Black, yellow or white in colour Studded with many eruptions
Raktaja Ostha Kopa – produced by vitiated blood	Lips are Filled with eruptions Eruptions resemble colour of Kharjura fruits – dates – darkish brown in colour Having signs of aggravation of blood Exudes blood
Mamsaja Ostha Kopa – attributable to vitiation of muscle tissue	Lips are – Heavy Thick Bulged like a ball of muscle Worms develop at each the angles of the mouth
Medoja Ostha Kopa – attributable to vitiation of fats	Lips are Like ghee scum – gentle yellow in colour Itching Static – immovable Mushy Exude fluids that are clear like rock crystal Heavy
Abhighataja Ostha Kopa – precipitated on account of trauma	Lips are – Just like the lip dysfunction attributable to vitiation of blood Minimize or damaged / cracked Knotted – has small nodes Itching

 

2. Dantamula rogas – Illnesses of the gums

 

दन्तमूलगतास्तु- शीतादो, दन्तपुप्पुटको, दन्तवेष्टकः, शौषिरो, महाशौषिरः, परिदर, उपकुशो, दन्तवैदर्भो, वर्धनः, अधिमांसो, नाड्यः पञ्चेति ||१३||

Beneath talked about are the names of the ailments of dantamula i.e. roots of the enamel / gums –

• Sitada,
• Danta Pupputaka,
• Danta Vestaka,
• Sausira,
• Mahasausira,
• Paridara,
• Upakusa,
• Danta Vaidarbha,
• Vardhana,
• Adhimāmsa and
• the 5 sorts of nādi

 

Śītāda

शोणितं दन्तवेष्टेभ्यो यस्याकस्मात् प्रवर्तते |
दुर्गन्धीनि सकृष्णानि प्रक्लेदीनि मृदूनि च ||१४||
दन्तमांसानि शीर्यन्ते पचन्ति च परस्परम् |
शीतादो नाम स व्याधिः कफशोणितसम्भवः ||१५|| Sitada is a situation attributable to aggravation of kapha and rakta – blood.

Beneath talked about are its signs –

• bleeding from the gums with none apparent causes
• blood has dangerous odor, black in colour
• gums are very moist (slimy) and mushy)
• looseness of gums,
• falling off of gums
• formation of pus

Dañta puppuțaka 

दन्तयोस्त्रिषु वा यस्य श्वयथुः सरुजो महान् |
दन्तपुप्पुटको ज्ञेयः कफरक्तनिमित्तजः ||१६||

As a consequence of aggravated kapha and rakta (blood), profound swelling together with ache happens within the gums of the enamel or three enamel. This situation is named Dantapupputaka.

Dantavesta 

स्रवन्ति पूयरुधिरं चला दन्ता भवन्ति च |
दन्तवेष्टः स विज्ञेयो दुष्टशोणितसम्भवः ||१७||

Dantavesta is a illness of the gums attributable to vitiation of blood. On this situation, there may be exudation of pus and blood from the gums. The enamel additionally turn into shaky.

 Sausira

श्वयथुर्दन्तमूलेषु रुजावान् कफरक्तजः |
लालास्रावी स विज्ञेयः कण्डूमाञ् शौषिरो गदः ||१८||

The illness produced by kapha and rakta and having painful swelling on the roots of the enamel, elevated salivation and accompanied with itching is named Sausira.

Mahāsaușira 

 दन्ताश्चलन्ति वेष्टेभ्यस्तालु चाप्यवदीर्यते |
दन्तमांसानि पच्यन्ते मुखं च परिपीड्यते ||१९||
यस्मिन् स सर्वजो व्याधिर्महाशौषिरसञ्ज्ञकः |

Enamel are shaky inside the gums and the palate is fissured. Right here can also be suppuration of gums and ache manifests (develops) in all the mouth (face). This illness produced by all of the three doshas collectively is named Maha Sausira.

Paridara

दन्तमांसानि शीर्यन्ते यस्मिन् ष्ठीवति चाप्यसृक् [४] ||२०||
पित्तासृक्कफजो व्याधिर्ज्ञेयः परिदरो हि सः |

The illness produced by pitta, asrk (rakta) and Kapha wherein the gums turn into unfastened (or fall off) and the affected person spits blood (and pus) is named Paridara.

Upakusa 

वेष्टेषु दाहः पाकश्च तेभ्यो दन्ताश्चलन्ति च ||२१||
आघट्टिताः प्रस्रवन्ति शोणितं मन्दवेदनाः |
आध्मायन्ते स्रुते रक्ते मुखं पूति च जायते ||२२||
यस्मिन्नुपकुशः स स्यात् पित्तरक्तकृतो गदः |

The gums have burning sensation and ulcers and due to these the enamel turn into shaky. When stroked it produces profuse bleeding, has slight ache. After bleeding, it swells up once more, and dangerous odor develops within the mouth. This illness produced by pitta and rakta is named Upakusa.

Vaidarbha 

घृष्टेषु दन्तमूलेषु संरम्भो जायते महान् ||२३||
भवन्ति च चला दन्ताः स वैदर्भोऽभिघातजः |

Vaidarbha is a situation precipitated within the gums attributable to trauma / harm.

Beneath talked about are its signs –

• profound swelling happens on the roots of the enamel when the gums are brushes or kneaded
• enamel turn into shaky

Vardhana 

 मारुतेनाधिको दन्तो जायते तीव्रवेदनः ||२४||
वर्धनः स मतो व्याधिर्जाते रुक् च प्रशाम्यति |

Vardhana is a situation attributable to aggravation of vata.

Beneath talked about are its signs –

• eruption of additional tooth
• extreme ache
• ache subsides after eruption of tooth

Adhimāmsaka 

हानव्ये पश्चिमे दन्ते महाञ्छोथो महारुजः ||२५||
लालास्रावी कफकृतो विज्ञेयः सोऽधिमांसकः |

Adhimamsaka is a situation attributable to aggravated kapha.

Beneath talked about are its signs –

• extreme swelling of gums
• extreme ache within the gums on the again portion of the cheeks i.e. molar enamel
• extra salivation

Dañtamula nādi

दन्तमूलगता नाड्यः पञ्च ज्ञेया यथेरिताः ||२६||

There are 5 sorts of nadi – sinuses which happen on the toots of the enamel (gums). They need to be understood on the strains of these (nadis) described earlier (chapter 10).

 

3. Dañta rogas – Illnesses of the enamel 

दन्तगतास्तु- दालनः, क्रिमिदन्तको, दन्तहर्षो, भञ्जनकः, दन्तशर्करा, कपालिका, श्यावदन्तको, हनुमोक्षश्चेति ||२७||

Beneath talked about are the names of the ailments of the enamel –

• Dalana
• Krimidanta
• Dantaharsa
• Bhanjanaka
• Dantasarkara
• Kapalika
• Syavadantaka and
• Hanumoksa

 Dālana 

 दाल्यन्ते बहुधा दन्ता यस्मिंस्तीव्ररुगन्विताः |
दालनः स इति ज्ञेयः सदागतिनिमित्तजः ||२८||

Dalana is a situation attributable to aggravation of vata whereby the tooth affected by vata breaks into many splinters and is related to extreme ache.

Krimidañtaka 

कृष्णश्छिद्री चलः स्रावी ससंरम्भो महारुजः |
अनिमित्तरुजो वाताद्विज्ञेयः कृमिदन्तकः ||२९||

Krimidantaka is a illness of the tooth produced by aggravated vata. Beneath talked about are its signs –

• Presence of black coloured holes within the tooth
• Shaking of tooth
• Exudation of fluids
• Extreme swelling
• Ache
• Ache develops with out every other apparent trigger

 Dañtaharşa 

शीतमुष्णं च दशनाः सहन्ते स्पर्शनं न च |
यस्य तं दन्तहर्षं तु व्याधिं विद्यात् समीरणात् ||३०||
The illness produced by samirana (vata) wherein the enamel doesn’t tolerate chilly, warmth or contact is named Dañtaharsa.

Bhanjanaka

 वक्त्रं वक्रं भवेद्यस्मिन् दन्तभङ्गश्च तीव्ररुक् |
कफवातकृतो व्याधिः स भञ्जनकसञ्ज्ञितः ||३१||

Bhanjanaka is a situation attributable to aggravated kapha and vata. The signs embody –

• Breaking of tooth
• Distortion of face
• Extreme ache

Dantasarkara

 शर्करेव स्थिरीभूतो मलो दन्तेषु यस्य वै |
सा दन्तानां गुणहरी विज्ञेया दन्तशर्करा ||३२||

Dantasarkara is a situation whereby filth of the enamel turns into exhausting like sugar crystals and will get adhered to the enamel. This might ultimately destroy the qualities of the enamel like smoothness, whiteness, regularity, evenness and so forth.

Kapalika

दलन्ति दन्तवल्कानि यदा शर्करया सह |
ज्ञेया कपालिका सैव दशनानां विनाशिनी ||३३||

Kapalika is a illness of the enamel whereby the filth gathered on the enamel would break up the higher layer of the enamel (crown) and subsequently causes destruction of the enamel.

Syavadantaka

योऽसृङ्मिश्रेण पित्तेन दग्धो दन्तस्त्वशेषतः |
श्यावतां नीलतां वाऽपि गतः स श्यावदन्तकः ||३४||

Syavadantaka is a situation of the enamel produced by aggravated pitta and rakta – blood. On this situation there may be burning / corrosion of the enamel. The enamel may additionally turn into black or blue in colour.

 HanuMoksa

वातेन तैस्तैर्भावैस्तु हनुसन्धिर्विसंहतः |
हनुमोक्ष इति ज्ञेयो व्याधिरर्दितलक्षणः ||३५||

Causative components of vata aggravation (like biting exhausting issues, an excessive amount of yawning or talking and so forth.) causes

↓

Aggravation of vata which

↓

Burns the decrease jaw and

↓

Produces the illness referred to as Hanumoksa which

↓

Would have the signs much like these of ardita – facial paralysis

 

4. Jihva roga – Illnesses of the tongue

 

जिह्वागतास्तु- कण्टकास्त्रिविधास्त्रिभिर्दोषैः, अलास, उपजिह्विका चेति ||३६|| There are three sorts of ailments of the tongue. They’re –

• Jihva Kantaka – 3 sorts, produced by 3 doshas independently
• Alasa
• Upajihvaka

Jihvakantaka

जिह्वाऽनिलेन स्फुटिता प्रसुप्ता भवेच्च शाकच्छदनप्रकाशा |
पित्तेन पीता परिदह्यते च चिता सरक्तैरपि कण्टकैश्च |
कफेन गुर्वी बहला चिता च मांसोद्गमैः शाल्मलिकण्टकाभैः ||३७||

Sort of Jihvakantaka	Signs
Vataja Jihvakantaka	Tongue resembles leaf of Saka tree in roughness Fissuring of tongue Lack of sensation within the tongue
Pittaja Jihvakantaka	Tongue turns into yellow Burning sensation of the tongue Tongue lined with eruptions that are full of blood
Kaphaja Jihvakantaka	Tongue turns into heavy and thick Tongue is roofed with muscular sprouts / eruptions The eruptions on the tongue resemble the thorns of Salmali tree – Salmalia malabarica / Bombax ceiba

Alasa

जिह्वातले यः श्वयथुः प्रगाढः सोऽलाससञ्ज्ञः कफरक्तमूर्तिः |
जिह्वां स तु स्तम्भयति प्रवृद्धो मूले तु जिह्वा भृशमेति पाकम् ||३८||

Alasa is a illness of the tongue attributable to aggravated kapha and rakta.

The signs are as beneath talked about –

• Profound swelling on the tongue base
• The swelling presents options of kapha and rakta
• When the illness will get superior, it creates lack of actions of the tongue and suppuration on the root of the tongue

Upajihvika

 जिह्वाग्ररूपः श्वयथुर्हि जिह्वामुन्नम्य जातः कफरक्तयोनिः |
प्रसेककण्डूपरिदाहयुक्ता प्रकथ्यतेऽसावुपजिह्विकेति ||३९||

Upajihvika is a illness of the tongue produced by aggravated kapha and rakta. The signs embody –

• Swelling within the tongue tip inflicting
• Elevation of the tongue
• Extreme salivation
• Itching
• Burning sensation throughout

5. Talu Roga – ailments of the palate

तालुगतास्तु- गलशुण्डिका, तुण्डिकेरी, अध्रुषः, कच्छपः, अर्बुदं, मांससङ्घातः, तालुपुप्पुटः, तालुशोषः, तालुपाक इति ||४०||

Beneath talked about are the names of the ailments of the talu – palate –

• Galasundika
• Tundikeri
• Adhrusa
• Kacchapa
• Arbuda
• Mamsasamghata
• Talupupputa
• Talusosa
• Talupaka

 Galasundi / Kanthasundi

श्लेष्मासृग्भ्यां तालुमूलात् प्रवृद्धो दीर्घः शोफो ध्मातबस्तिप्रकाशः |
तृष्णाकासश्वासकृत् सम्प्रदिष्टो व्याधिर्वैद्यैः कण्ठशुण्डीति नाम्ना ||४१|| Kanthasundi or Galasundi is a situation attributable to aggravated kapha and rakta.

Beneath talked about are its indicators and signs –

• It’s an elongated swelling
• The swelling resembles a bladder or bag full of air, arising
• Positioned on the base / root of the palate
• Causes thirst, cough and dyspnea

Tundikeri

शोफः स्थूलस्तोददाहप्रपाकी प्रागुक्ताभ्यां तुण्डिकेरी मता तु |

Tundikeri is a situation which can also be produced by the identical doshas talked about earlier in Galasundi i.e. kapha and rakta collectively.

Tundikeri is –

• A giant swelling within the throat which has
• Pricking ache
• Burning sensation
• Suppuration

 Adhrusa

 शोफः स्तब्धो लोहितस्तालुदेशे रक्ताज्ज्ञेयः सोऽध्रुषो रुग्ज्वराढ्यः ||४२||

Adhrusa is a situation attributable to aggravated blood.

Beneath talked about are its options –

• It’s an immovable swelling occurring within the palate
• The swelling is crimson in colour
• Presence of ache and fever

Kacchapa 

कूर्मोत्सन्नोऽवेदनोऽशीघ्रजन्माऽरक्तो ज्ञेयः कच्छपः श्लेष्मणा स्यात् |

Kacchapa is a situation attributable to aggravated kapha.

It’s the swelling within the palate which presents with beneath talked about options –

• It resembles tortoise shell
• There’s absence of ache
• The swelling develops slowly and
• It’s not of crimson colour

Tālu arbuda 

 पद्माकारं तालुमध्ये तु शोफं विद्याद्रक्तादर्बुदं प्रोक्तलिङ्गम् ||४३||

Talu arbuda is a situation wherein a swelling attributable to aggravated blood is manifested on the center of the palate. It resembles the lotus flower in form. It’s accompanied with signs of rakta arbuda talked about earlier in chapter 11.

Māmsa sañghāta

दुष्टं मांसं श्लेष्मणा नीरुजं च ताल्वन्तःस्थं मांससङ्घातमाहुः |
Mamsa Sanghata is attributable to vitiated mamsa – muscle and kapha collectively. It offers rise to painless thickening of the muscle tissue contained in the palate.

Tālu puppuța 

नीरुक् स्थायी कोलमात्रः कफात् स्यान्मेदोयुक्तात् पुप्पुटस्तालुदेशे ||४४||

Talupupputa is an immovable swelling occurring within the palate, produced by aggravated kapha. It presents with the beneath talked about options –

• Swelling which is immovable
• Swelling is of the dimensions of fruit of jujube and
• Incorporates fats in it and
• Is painless

 Talusosa, Talupaka

शोषोऽत्यर्थं दीर्यते चापि तालुः श्वासो वातात्तालुशोषः सपित्तात् |
पित्तं कुर्यात् पाकमत्यर्थघोरं तालुन्येनं तालुपाकं वदन्ति ||४५||

Talu Sosa is produced by mixed vitiation of vata and pitta. On this situation there may be extreme dryness of the palate. This results in cracks / fissures within the palate and dyspnea.

Talupaka, however is attributable to aggravated pitta which presents with troublesome suppuration within the palate.

 

6. Kantharoga – Illnesses of the throat 

कण्ठगतास्तु- रोहिण्यः पञ्च, कण्ठशालूकम्, अधिजिह्वो, बलयो, बलास, एकवृन्दो, वृन्दः, शतघ्नी, गिलायुः, गलविद्रधिः, गलौघः, स्वरघ्नो, मांसतानो, विदारी चेति ||४६||

Beneath talked about are the names of the ailments of the throat –

• Rohini – 5 sorts
• Kanthasaluka
• Adhijihva
• Valaya
• Balasa
• Ekavrinda
• Vrinda
• Sataghni
• Gilayu
• Galavidradhi
• Galaugha
• Svaraghna
• Mamsatana
• Vidari

 

1-5. Rohini (Kantharohini) 

गलेऽनिलः पित्तकफौ च मूर्च्छितौ पृथक् समस्ताश्च तथैव शोणितम् |
प्रदूष्य मांसं गलरोधिनोऽङ्कुरान् सृजन्ति यान् साऽसुहरा हि रोहिणी ||४७||
जिह्वां समन्ताद्भृशवेदना ये मांसाङ्कुराः कण्ठनिरोधिनः स्युः |
तां रोहिणीं वातकृतां वदन्ति वातात्मकोपद्रवगाढयुक्ताम् ||४८||
क्षिप्रोद्गमा क्षिप्रविदाहपाका तीव्रज्वरा पित्तनिमित्तजा स्यात् |
स्रोतोनिरोधिन्यपि मन्दपाका गुर्वी स्थिरा सा कफसम्भवा वै ||४९||
गम्भीरपाकाऽप्रतिवारवीर्या त्रिदोषलिङ्गा त्रयसम्भवा स्यात् |
स्फोटाचिता पित्तसमानलिङ्गाऽसाध्या प्रदिष्टा रुधिरात्मिकेयम् ||५०||

Vata, Pitta and Kapha get aggravated individually or all collectively or together with rakta – blood and so they in flip

↓

Vitiate the mamsa – muscle tissue and

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Give rise to sprouts of muscle tissue which

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Block the throat and

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Trigger loss of life and

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The illness wherein these occasions happen known as as Rohini or Kantharohini

 

Sort of Rohini	Signs
Vataja Rohini – attributable to aggravated vata	Produces extreme ache of all the tongue Has muscular sprouts inflicting obstruction of throat Many extreme problems attributable to aggravated vata are current
Pittaja Rohini – attributable to aggravated pitta	It develops shortly Ripens to suppurate, resulting in formation of pus and causes Burning sensation shortly Related to extreme fever
Kaphaja Rohini – attributable to aggravated kapha	Obstructs the throat Suppurates, resulting in sluggish formation of pus Is heavy and Immovable
Tridoshaja Rohini – attributable to simultaneous aggravation of all three doshas	Is seated deep Pus is fashioned vastly, in extra Is of irresistible energy Presents with signs of all of the three doshas
Raktaja Rohini – attributable to aggravated blood	Is studded with small vesicles Presents with signs much like these of pittaja rohini Is incurable

 

6. Kantha śālūka

 कोलास्थिमात्रः कफसम्भवो यो ग्रन्थिर्गले कण्टकशूकभूतः |
खरः स्थिरः शस्त्रनिपातसाध्यस्तं कण्ठशालूकमिति ब्रुवन्ति ||५१||

Kanthasaluka is a granthi – tumor or cystic swelling produced by aggravated kapha within the throat. It presents with beneath talked about options –

• It’s of the dimensions of the seed of jujube fruit
• Has projections
• Is coarse and
• Immovable
• Will be handled by use of sharp devices i.e. surgical procedure

7. Adhijihva 

जिह्वाग्ररूपः श्वयथुः कफात्तु जिह्वाप्रबन्धोपरि रक्तमिश्रात् |
ज्ञेयोऽधिजिह्वः खलु रोग एष विवर्जयेदागतपाकमेनम् ||५२||

Adhijihva is a illness of the tongue attributable to aggravated kapha and rakta – blood collectively. It’s a swelling which presents with the beneath talked about options –

• Resembles the tip of the tongue
• Swelling develops over the foundation of the tongue

This situation is match to be rejected (shouldn’t be handled) when it undergoes suppuration / ripening (pus formation).

8. Valaya 

बलास एवायतमुन्नतं च शोफं करोत्यन्नगतिं निवार्य |
तं सर्वथैवाप्रतिवारवीर्यं विवर्जनीयं वलयं वदन्ति ||५३||

Valaya is a swelling which happens within the throat. It presents with the beneath talked about options –

• Swelling within the throat
• The swelling is broad and is elevated / bulged up
• Just like Balasa in options
• Obstructs the passage of meals
• Resists remedies with its energy

That is an incurable situation and ought to be rejected.

9. Balāsa 

गले तु शोफं कुरुतः प्रवृद्धौ श्लेष्मानिलौ श्वासरुजोपपन्नम् |
मर्मच्छिदं दुस्तरमेतदाहुर्बलाससञ्ज्ञं निपुणा विकारम् ||५४||

Balasa is a illness attributable to aggravated kapha and vata collectively. Beneath talked about are its options –

• It’s produced as a swelling within the throat which
• Offers rise to dyspnea and
• Ache as if reducing by the very important organs and this illness
• Is named as Balasa

This situation is tough to treatment.

10. Ekavrñda 

वृत्तोन्नतो यः श्वयथुः सदाहः कण्ड्वन्वितोऽपाक्यमृदुर्गुरुश्च |
नाम्नैकवृन्दः परिकीर्तितोऽसौ व्याधिर्बलासक्षतजप्रसूतः ||५५||

Ekavrnda is a swelling attributable to kapha and rakta, collectively.

Beneath talked about are its options –

• It manifests within the type of swelling within the throat
• The swelling is spherical in form and
• Is bulged up and elevated and is
• Related to burning sensation and itching
• It doesn’t bear suppuration and
• Is mushy and heavy

11. Vrnda 

समुन्नतं वृत्तममन्ददाहं तीव्रज्वरं वृन्दमुदाहरन्ति |
तं चापि पित्तक्षतजप्रकोपाद्विद्यात् सतोदं पवनास्रजं तु ||५६||

Vrnda is a swelling which happens within the throat and is attributable to aggravated pitta and rakta. It presents with the beneath talked about options –

• It manifests within the type of elevated and spherical swelling within the throat
• Has extreme burning sensation and excessive fever

When Vrnda is produced by Vata and Rakta, it would even have pricking ache.

12. Sataghni

वर्तिर्घना कण्ठनिरोधिनी या चिताऽतिमात्रं पिशितप्ररोहैः |
नानारुजोच्छ्रायकरी त्रिदोषाज्ज्ञेया शतघ्नीव शतघ्न्यसाध्या ||५७||

Sataghni is produced by aggravation of all of the three doshas collectively. It presents with the beneath talked about options –

• It has thick wick like muscular sprouts which
• Trigger obstruction of throat which additionally
• Tremendously develop in measurement which supplies rise to
• Completely different sorts of ache and this situation is
• Known as as Sataghni as a result of it’s much like Sataghni – a weapon of battle with a ball of metallic, having sharp spikes and glued to an extended chain

Sataghni is an incurable illness and shouldn’t be handled.

13. Gilayu

ग्रन्थिर्गले त्वामलकास्थिमात्रः स्थिरोऽल्परुक् स्यात् कफरक्तमूर्तिः |
संलक्ष्यते सक्तमिवाशनं च स शस्त्रसाध्यस्तु गिलायुसञ्ज्ञः ||५८||

Gilayu is a illness which is attributable to aggravated kapha and rakta. It presents with the beneath talked about options –

• It manifests within the type of a tumor or cystic swelling of the dimensions of Amalaka seed (seed of Emblica officinalis) contained in the throat
• The tumor is immovable and
• Has gentle ache and presents
• Options of kapha and rakta – blood which
• Obstructs the passage of meals
• It’s curable with surgical therapy and
• Is named Gilayu

14. Galavidradhi

सर्वं गलं व्याप्य समुत्थितो यः शोफो रुजो यत्र च सन्ति सर्वाः |
स सर्वदोषो गलविद्रधिस्तु तस्यैव तुल्यः खलु सर्वजस्य ||५९||

Galavidradhi is a swelling produced by aggravation of all of the three doshas collectively.

Galavidradhi is

• A swelling which entails all the throat which
• Has all types of ache and
• It’s much like vidradhi attributable to all of the three doshas in options

15. Galaugha

शोफो महानन्नजलावरोधी तीव्रज्वरो वातगतेर्निहन्ता |
कफेन जातो रुधिरान्वितेन गले गलौघः परिकीर्त्यतेऽसौ ||६०||

Galaugha is a situation produced by aggravated kapha and rakta collectively. It presents with the beneath talked about options –

• Profound swelling within the throat which
• Causes obstruction of the passage of meals and water
• And also will have excessive grade fever and would
• Disrupt the actions of air – respiration

16. Svaraghna

योऽतिप्रताम्यन् श्वसिति प्रसक्तं भिन्नस्वरः शुष्कविमुक्तकण्ठः |
कफोपदिग्धेष्वनिलायनेषु ज्ञेयः स रोगः श्वसनात् स्वरघ्नः ||६१||

Svaraghna is a illness attributable to aggravated vata. It presents with the beneath talked about options –

• The affected person suffers from problem in respiration and breathes consistently in a hurried approach
• Experiences darkness earlier than his eyes and could have
• Damaged voice and dryness of throat and
• The throat is huge open and
• The air passage is coated with kapha

17. Mamsatana

प्रतानवान् यः श्वयथुः सुकष्टो गलोपरोधं कुरुते क्रमेण |
स मांसतानः कथितोऽवलम्बी प्राणप्रणुत् सर्वकृतो विकारः ||६२||

Mamsatana is a illness of the throat produced by aggravation of all of the three doshas collectively.

Mamsatana is a –

• Broad swelling within the throat which is
• Very tough to bear and
• Progressively causes obstruction of the throat and
• It hangs unfastened and
• Hinders life (respiration)

18. Vidārī 

सदाहतोदं श्वयथुं सरक्तमन्तर्गले पूतिविशीर्णमांसम् |
पित्तेन विद्याद्वदने विदारीं पार्श्वे विशेषात् स तु येन शेते ||६३||

Vidari is a illness of the throat which is attributable to aggravated pitta. It presents with the beneath talked about options –

• It’s a crimson coloured swelling occurring contained in the throat
• Burning sensation
• Pricking ache
• Has muscle tissue (sprouts) having dangerous odor and ache
• Happens particularly on the aspect of the throat on (the aspect) which the individual sleeps habitually

7. Sarvasara- ailments of all the mouth 

सर्वसरास्तु वातपित्तकफशोणितनिमित्ताः ||६४||

Sarvasara – the ailments affecting all the mouth are referred to as as sarvasara. These ailments are attributable to –

• Vata
• Pitta
• Kapha
• Sonita / rakta

स्फोटैः सतोदैर्वदनं समन्ताद्यस्याचितं सर्वसरः स वातात् |
रक्तैः सदाहैस्तनुभिः सपीतैर्यस्याचितं चापि स पित्तकोपात् ||६५||
कण्डूयुतैरल्परुजैः सवर्णैर्यस्याचितं चापि स वै कफेन |
रक्तेन पित्तोदित एक एव कैश्चित् प्रदिष्टो मुखपाकसञ्ज्ञः ||६६||

Sort of Sarvasara Roga	Signs
Vataja Sarvasara	Whole mouth is full of sphota – eruptions Pricking ache
Pittaja Sarvasara	Whole mouth has small eruptions They’re crimson or yellow in colour Burning sensation
Kaphaja Sarvasara	Whole mouth has eruptions with Itching, Gentle ache and are Of the identical colour as that of the mouth
Raktaja Sarvasara	The options are the identical as these of Pittaja Sarvasara

Sarvasara Mukha Roga can also be referred to as as Mukhapaka by some authors.

इति सुश्रुतसंहितायां निदानस्थाने मुखरोगनिदानं नाम षोडशोऽध्यायः ||१६||

Thus ends the Sixteenth chapter by title Mukharoga nidāna , in Nidāna sthāna of Suśruta samhita .

इति भगवता श्रीधन्वन्तरिणोपदिष्टायां तच्छिष्येण महर्षिणा सुश्रुतेन विरचितायां सुश्रुतसंहितायां द्वितीयं निदानस्थानं समाप्तम् |

Thus ends Nidāna sthāna , the second part in Suśruta samhita , as propounded by the venerable Dhañvañtari and written by his disciple , the nice sage Suśruta.